免责声明:本系列文章基于原始期刊目录和摘要,仅限于读者交流习。 如有侵权,请联系我们删除。
《日内瓦风险与保险评论》是由日内瓦协会主办的风险与保险专业学术期刊,每年出版1卷,每卷2期,每期发表4篇文章,2022-2024年影响因子为15。该杂志面向大学和研究机构经济学领域的学者,通过提供研究成果和观点有效交流的平台,支持和鼓励经济学中的风险、不确定性和保险研究。 重点领域包括:保险产品和市场的经济性;不确定性下的决策理论;个人、企业和社会风险分担或风险缓解机制;与风险分担和缓解机制有关的市场失灵,包括由信息摩擦和激励问题引起的失灵;以及社会保险在通过监管或规定管理风险方面的作用等。
第 1 期目录。
a pandemic business interruption insurance
mental health changes and the willingness to take risks
probability weighting and insurance demand in a unified framework
cognitive abilities and life insurance holdings: evidence from 16 european countries
a pandemic business interruption insurance
疫情营业中断保险
作者
亚历克西斯·卢阿斯(巴黎综合理工学院),皮埃尔·皮卡德(巴黎综合理工学院)。
摘要:我们分析了如何通过建立资本化机制和投资组合管理策略来实施大流行业务中断保险 as evidenced with covid-19, pandemics affect economic sectors in differentiated ways: some are very severely affected because their activity is he**ily impacted by tr**el bans and constraints on work organization, while others are more resistant. this opens the door to risk-coverage mechanisms based on a portfolio of financial securities, including long-short positions and options in stock markets. we show that such a strategy allows insurers to offer business interruption coverage in pandemic states, while simultaneously hedging the risks associated with alternating bullish and bearish non-pandemic states. these conclusions contrast sharply with the idea of governments being the only solution to the pandemic insurability problem. they are derived from a theoretical model of corporate risk management, and their practical relevance is illustrated by numerical simulations, using data from the french stock exchange.
我们分析了如何通过建立资本化机制和投资组合管理策略来实现大流行性业务中断保险。 Covid-19 证明,大流行以不同的方式影响经济部门:一些部门受到严重影响,因为它们的活动受到旅行禁令和工作组织限制的严重影响,而另一些部门则有一定程度的阻力。 这为基于金融投资组合的风险覆盖机制打开了大门,包括市场上的多头和空头头寸以及期权。 我们展示了一种策略,使保险公司能够在面对肆虐的大流行时提供业务中断保险,同时对冲牛市和熊市交替的风险非大流行情景。 这与认为这是解决大流行保险问题的唯一方法的观点形成鲜明对比。 这些结论是通过企业风险管理的理论模型得出的,其实际相关性可以通过使用法国**交易所的数据进行数值模拟来说明。
原文链接:mental health changes and the willingness to take risks
心理健康变化和承担风险的意愿
作者
Lu Li (慕尼黑大学), Andreas Richter (慕尼黑大学), Petra Steinorth (汉堡大学).
摘要:利用德国人口的纵向SOEP数据,我们发现心理健康冲击显著降低了风险承担意愿 we also find that mental health improvements increase the willingness to take risks significantly. our findings are relevant for better understanding the economic decision **of the large number of individuals with mental health issues.
使用代表德国人口的纵向 SOEP 数据,我们发现心理健康冲击显着降低了冒险意愿。 同时,我们还发现,心理健康的改善显着增加了冒险意愿。 我们的研究结果对于更好地了解大量有心理健康问题的个体的经济决策具有重要意义。
原文链接:probability weighting and insurance demand in a unified framework
统一框架下的概率权重与保险需求
作者
johannes g.Jaspersen (慕尼黑大学), Richard Peter (爱荷华大学), Marc ARagin,佐治亚大学
摘要:本文在统一的框架下综合分析了概率权重对最优保险需求的影响 we identify decreasing relative overweighting as a new local condition on the probability weighting function that is useful for comparative static analysis. we discuss the effects of probability weighting on coinsurance, deductible choice, insurance demand for low-probability, high-impact risks versus high-probability, low-impact risks, and insurance demand in the presence of nonperformance risk. probability weighting can make better or worse predictions than expected utility depending on the insurance demand problem at hand.
在统一的框架下,我们综合分析了概率权重对最优保险需求的影响。 我们使用递减的相对高估权重作为概率加权函数的新局部条件,这对于比较静态分析很有用。 我们讨论了概率权重对共同保险、免赔额选择、低概率高影响风险与高概率低影响风险的影响,以及存在非履约风险时对保险的需求。 根据保险需求的问题,概率加权可以产生比预期效用更好或更差的差异**。
原文链接:cognitive abilities and life insurance holdings: evidence from 16 european countries
认知能力和人寿保险持仓:来自16个欧洲国家的证据
作者
Chu-Shiu Li (高雄科技大学), Gene CRichard J. Lai(北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校)、Saruultuya Tsensuren(蒙古国立大学)。Butler(西南财经大学经济系,杨百翰大学),Chwen-Chi Liu(逢甲大学)。
摘要:本研究旨在探讨欧洲国家两种认知能力(算术和回忆能力)与人寿保险持有量之间的关系 households with better numeracy and recall are more likely to own life insurance. interaction effects indicate a higher level of education decreases the positive effect of numeracy on life insurance holdings and increases the positive effect of recall on life insurance holdings. multinomial regressions indicate that recall has a positive impact on the decisions to hold term life, whole life, and both term and whole life insurance policies and a negative impact on the decision not to hold any type of life insurance policy. we also find that recall has a greater impact on the decision to own term life policies than on the decision to own whole life (both term and whole life) policies. one possible reason is whole life policies consist of many options that are difficult to comprehend even with higher cognitive abilities. one implication of this study is marketing by life insurers should take into account household cognitive abilities.
本研究的目的是检查两种认知能力(数学能力和记忆能力)与欧洲国家人寿保险持有量之间的关系。 具有良好数学技能和记忆能力的家庭成员更有可能拥有人寿保险。 交互作用表明,受教育程度越高,数学能力对寿险持股的正向影响越大,记忆能力对寿险持股的正向影响越大。 多项式回归表明,记忆容量对持有定期人寿保险、终身人寿保险以及定期和终身人寿保险的决定有积极影响,对不持有任何类型的人寿保险的决定产生负面影响。 我们还发现,记忆能力对持有定期人寿保险的决定的影响大于决定持有终身人寿保险单(或定期和人寿保险单一起)。 造成这种情况的一个可能原因是,即使具有更高的认知能力,终身寿险保单也涉及许多难以理解的选择。 这项研究的一个结论是,人寿保险公司的营销应该考虑到家庭成员的认知能力。
原文链接:目录第2期。
empirical analyses of selection and welfare in insurance markets: a self-indulgent survey
insurance wage-offer disparities by gender: random forest regression and quantile regression evidence from the 2010–2018 american community surveys
weather extremes, agriculture and the value of weather index insurance
optimal unemployment accounts based on observable parameters
empirical analyses of selection and welfare in insurance markets: a self-indulgent survey
保险市场选择与收益的实证分析——基于一个不经意的文献综述
作者
Liran Ein** 斯坦福大学,美国国家经济研究局);艾米·芬克尔斯坦(麻省理工学院,国家经济研究局)。
摘要:这篇综述文章调查了ein**等人开发的保险市场选择分析实证框架所做的工作。 (ein** et al., quarterly journal of economics 125:877-921, 2010a). we briefly review that framework, and then describe a number of empirical applications that researchers h**e undertaken across an array of settings in both insurance and credit markets. we also discuss some of the useful extensions to the original framework that others h**e made and applied. the review is intended to be useful for scholars who may want to apply the framework in their own work on insurance, credit, or other selection markets.
这篇综述文章考察了使用Ein**等人提出的实证框架(Ein** et al., Quarterly Journal of Economics 125:877-921, 2010a)来分析保险市场选择的研究。 我们简要回顾了该框架,然后描述了研究人员在保险和信贷市场的各种环境中进行的一些实证应用。 我们还讨论了其他人对原始框架所做的一些有用的扩展和应用程序。 本综述旨在帮助那些希望将该框架应用于保险、信贷或其他期权市场工作的学者。
原文链接:insurance wage-offer disparities by gender: random forest regression and quantile regression evidence from the 2010–2018 american community surveys
保险业薪酬供应的性别差异:基于美国社区调查数据的随机森林回归和分位数回归的证据,2010-2018
作者
richard j.巴特勒(杨百翰大学);Gene Lai(北卡罗来纳大学)。
摘要:本文考察了保险业男性和女性在工资提供功能上的差异 the results of random forest regression (rfr) residual analysis and quantile regressions (qrs) by gender indicate considerable inequities for underwriters, sales agents, and claims adjusters. we find relatively modest wage inequities among actuaries. underwriters’ and adjusters’ gender wage inequality lies between the actuaries and sales agents. across the specifications (rfr, qr, and the ols benchmark), males benefit more from experience than females except for actuaries. in addition, males generally h**e a greater return to education than females (except for actuaries). sales agents’ jobs exhibit the greatest inequality, with extremely high values for the regression gini index of inequality at the upper quantiles. actuaries exhibit the least amount of gender inequality across the board, with demographic responses suggesting competitive pressures across states yielding the least wage-offer inequality across gender. in summary, taste-based discrimination, social employment networks, difficulties in assessing productivity in heterogeneous work situations, competitiveness in the labor market, and the flexibility of work hours help explain our findings for different occupations in the insurance industry.
本文研究了保险业中男性和女性在薪酬交付功能方面的差异。 随机森林回归 (RFR) 的残差分析和分位数回归 (QRS) 结果显示,承保人、销售**和理赔员之间存在相当大的性别不平等。 我们发现精算师之间的薪酬不平等相对较小。 承保人和理赔员之间的性别薪酬不平等存在于精算师和销售人员之间**。 在各种模型(RFR、QR 和基准 OLS)中,除精算师外,男性在经验方面比女性受益更多。 此外,男性的教育回报率通常高于女性(精算师除外)。 销售**的工作表现出最大的不平等,不平等的回归基尼指数在上分位数处具有极高的值。 精算师的性别不平等程度最低,人口统计数据显示,各州之间的竞争压力使他们在薪酬交付方面的不平等程度最低。 总之,基于偏好的歧视、社会就业网络、在异质工作环境中评估生产力的困难、劳动力市场的竞争以及工作时间的灵活性有助于解释我们对保险业不同职业的研究结果。
原文链接:weather extremes, agriculture and the value of weather index insurance
极端天气、农业和天气指数保险的价值
作者
克里斯蒂安·霍特(赫尔穆施密特大学),朱迪思·雷格纳(赫尔穆特施密特大学)。
摘要:本**评估了天气指数保险对高收入国家(德国)农业部门的潜在价值。 in our theoretical analysis we model an index insurance, a loss-based insurance market as well as a combination of both kinds of insurance and compare the resulting expected utility of a risk **erse crop farmer. to find a suitable index, we conduct a panel estimation and evaluate the link between different weather variables and losses of crop farmers in germany. following our estimation, mean temperatures in summer h**e the highest potential for a valuable index insurance. finally, we simulate the theoretical model using the results from the estimation and using different thresholds for the definition of a natcat. according to this simulation, index-insurance is more attractive for the lower and more frequently occurring losses and loss-based insurance is more attractive for rare high losses. a combination of both kinds of insurance could be optimal for intermediate cases.
本文评估了天气指数保险对高收入国家(德国)农业部门的潜在价值。 在理论分析中,我们建立了指数保险市场、亏损保险市场以及两种形式的组合,并比较了规避风险的作物种植者的预期效用。 为了找到一个合适的指数,我们进行了面板估计,并评估了不同天气变量与德国作物种植者损失之间的联系。 根据我们的估计,夏季平均气温最有可能成为有价值的指数保险。 最后,我们使用估计值和不同的natcat(即自然灾害)定义的阈值来模拟理论模型。 根据模拟结果,指数保险对较低和更频繁发生的损失更具吸引力,而基于损失的保险对罕见的高损失更具吸引力。 对于中间情况,两种保险的组合可能是最佳选择。
原文链接:optimal unemployment accounts based on observable parameters
基于可观察参数的最优失业账户
作者
鲁本·卡斯特罗(费德里科·圣玛丽亚技术大学)。
摘要: Baily(1978)的模型为失业救济金(“b”)提供了一个可观察到的最优条件。we add unemployment accounts (uas) into the model, where employed individuals deposit a “s” s**ing rate and uas finance unemployment benefits until their funds are exhausted and tax-financed benefits begin. the idea is that uas reduce the distortion caused by pooling financed benefits, but in doing so they lower consumption smoothing across states of nature. we found that baily (1978)’s rule for optimal benefits remains unchanged if uas are added into his model, and we found a **and easily observable rule for the optimal s**ing rate into uas: the proportion of unemployment to be self-financed should equal the ratio of unemployment duration elasticity with respect to s and b.
Baily(1978)的模型是失业救济金("b") 提供可观察的条件。我们在模型中添加了失业账户 (UAS),即就业人员:"s"储蓄率存入该账户,失业账户 (UAS) 为失业救济金提供资金,直到资金用完并开始分配税收资助的福利。 这个想法是,失业账户(UAS)减少了集中福利造成的扭曲,但也降低了自然状态下消费的平滑度。 我们发现,如果将失业账户(UAS)添加到Baily(1978)的模型中,其最优福利规则将保持不变,并且我们还发现了一个简单且易于观察的失业账户(UAS)的最优储蓄率规则:失业自筹资金比率应等于失业持续时间相对于s和b的弹性之比。
原文链接:• 论文: