hi guys. welcome back to english with max.
大家好。 欢迎回到 Learn English Max 计划。
in this video, we're going to look at some nature vocabulary.
在这个**中，我们将学习一些自然词汇。
we're not actually out in the wild, we're at the botanic gardens, so it's sort of organised nature.
我们不是在野外，而是在植物园里，所以这是一个有组织的自然环境。
but it's a very nice place to come for a walk.
但这是一个散步的好地方。
my mum is again helping me film this video.
是我妈妈帮我拍这个**。
hi mum.
嗨，妈妈。 if you'd like to learn more advanced vocabulary, remember that i also send out a free advanced english email lesson every two weeks.
如果您想学习更高级的词汇，请记住，我每两周发送一封免费的高级英语电子邮件。
if you want to subscribe to that, you'll find the link in the description.
如果您想订阅我们的程序，您可以在描述区域找到链接。
if you want to improve your grammar, remember that i also h**e a course on udemy which covers 55 common mistakes made by english learners.
如果你想提高你的语法，请记住，我还有一门关于 Udemy 的课程，其中包括英语学习者常犯的 55 个错误。
if you'd like to receive my special discount for that, you'll find the link in the description as well.
如果你想得到我的特别折扣，你也可以在描述中找到链接。
okay, guys, let's get going.
好了，伙计们，让我们开始吧。
this is the sign that's out the front of the gardens.
这是花园前的标志。
okay, it's not nature vocabulary, but i thought there were some interesting things here.
嗯，这不是一个自然的词汇，但我认为这里有一些有趣的东西。
i think it's quite obvious what these mean: no dogs, no bikes, no skateboards.
我认为上面的意思很清楚：不遛狗，不骑自行车，不玩滑板。
they also use reclaimed water.
他们还使用再生水。 （reclaimed water）
basically they're using treated sewage water and you shouldn't drink it.
基本上是说他们使用处理过的污水，你不应该喝它。
i guess they h**e these so they don't get sued…?
我猜他们有这些迹象，所以他们不会被起诉......？
some warnings… uh… there are some… uh… like ponds and things, so you should be careful where you walk.
这里有一些警告，比如池塘和类似的东西，所以走路时要小心。
i suppose that's what they mean by "water hazard".
我想他们就是这么说的"水障碍"酒吧。
the ground is a bit uneven in places, so some places it's not totally flat or smooth.
有些地方的地面有点不平整，所以有些地方不是完全平坦或光滑的。
there can be falling branches — in other words bits falling from trees.
可能有掉落的树枝——换句话说，是从树上掉下来的小块。
and there is some wildlife in here, so there are some animals wandering around.
这里也有一些野生动物，所以有一些动物在四处游荡。
as they say, use of this facility may be hazardous.
正如他们所说，使用这个设施可能很危险。
please be careful.
请小心。 so we're going to do our best not to fall in the water.
所以我们必须尽量不要掉进水里。
this thing behind me is a pond — this area of water — and the plants on the pond are called lilies.
我身后的这个东西是一个池塘——这片水体——池塘里的这种植物叫做百合。
oh look, there's an animal.
哦，看，有一只动物。
there's a… some sort of lizard in there.
里面有一只蜥蜴。
can you see it?
你能看到吗？
there's some wildlife!
有一些野生动物！
it's not moving.
它不动。 i think it's real.
我认为这是真的。
there you can see another lizard enjoying the sun.
在那里，你可以看到另一只蜥蜴在晒太阳。
now this here is called a stump.
这称为树桩。
it's the bit that's left of the tree when it's been cut.
它是树被砍伐后剩下的东西。
this type of plant here is called a vine.
这里的植物叫做藤本植物。
a vine is a plant that grows on other things.
藤蔓是一种生长在其他事物上的植物。
it sort of climbs and clings to other plants and structures.
它附着在其他植物和建筑物上。
what we're walking on here are called paths.
我们走的路称为路径。
that's a path, that's another path.
这是一条小路，这是另一条小路。
we're not actually allowed to go down this path, but um… those plants that you can see in there that grow in the water — those are mangroves. mangroves.
我们实际上不被允许沿着这条路走，但你看到的水中生长的植物是红树林。
this thing here is a sprinkler.
这是一个洒水器。
it's what they use to water the gardens if there's not enough rain.
如果雨水不足，他们就会用它来浇灌花园。
here we h**e another stump, and on the ground we've got various things… uh there are lots of dead le**es — these are dead le**es.
这是另一个树桩，地上有各种各样的东西。 嗯，有很多死的le**es，这些都是枯叶。
and there are also lots of sticks.
还有很多棍子。
now um… a stick is something like this, but if the stick is quite thin like these ones, we call them twigs.
树枝就是这样的东西，但如果它们是像这样非常细的树枝，我们称它们为树枝。
so a twig is just a thin stick.
所以一根树枝只是一根细棍子。
here we h**e another vine.
这是另一棵葡萄树。
like i said, a vine is a plant that grows on something else.
就像我说的，藤蔓是一种生长在其他东西上的植物。
so here we h**e a vine growing on this big tree.
这棵大树上长着一棵藤蔓。
here we h**e another tree.
这是另一棵树。
i'm sure you know that word.
我相信你知道这个词。
the outer part of the tree is called bark.
树的外层称为树皮。
this is bark.
这是树皮。 it's a bit like the skin of a tree.
这有点像树皮。
this here is a big piece of bark that was on the ground.
这是地上的一大块树皮。
some trees regularly shed their bark.
有些树木会定期蜕皮。
that means that they lose their bark.
这意味着它们会脱落树皮。
the bark falls down.
树皮脱落了。
after they shed their bark, new bark grows.
树皮脱落后，会长出新的树皮。
here are a couple of things that you don't find in nature, but are still good to know.
这里有一些你在自然界中找不到的东西，但仍然值得了解。
this area here where it goes down is a gutter.
这是一个排水沟。
you also h**e gutters in the street and also on houses.
街道和房屋中也有排水沟。
it's where rainwater goes.
这就是下雨的地方。
these little rocks here are called gr**el.
这些小岩石被称为砾石（gr**el）。
it's uncountable, so we say some gr**el.
这是数不清的，所以让我们说一些砾石是一些 gr**el。
this plant here is called a fern, so all of these plants here, they're ferns.
这里的植物叫蕨类植物，这里所有的植物都是蕨类植物。
this is another type of fern.
这是另一种蕨类植物。
this is called a tree fern.
它被称为树蕨。
and this here is a bench, which is something that we often h**e in gardens and parks.
这是一个长凳，在花园和公园里经常发现。
these are the roots of a very large tree.
这些是一棵非常大的树的根。
here you can see more of the tree.
在这里，您可以看到树的更多部分。
the roots are the part that go under the ground.
树的根部是埋在地下的部分。
okay, guys, i'm very excited because i didn't expect to see this here.
好吧，伙计们，我很兴奋，因为我没想到会在这里看到这个。
the green stuff growing on this path is called moss. moss.
在这条路上生长的绿色东西叫做苔藓。
it often grows on rocks and trees.
它通常生长在岩石和树木上。
it grows in damp places.
它生长在潮湿的地方。
damp" means a bit wet.
“潮湿”的意思是有点湿。
it needs quite a lot of water to grow.
它需要大量的水才能生长。
that bird there is called a bush turkey, and they're very common in this region of australia.
那里的鸟类被称为丛林火鸡，它们在澳大利亚的这一地区很常见。
that big bird there is a kookaburra.
那只大鸟是笑翠鸟。
that's the bird that's got the really interesting laugh.
鸟儿的笑声很有趣。
here we h**e another tree.
这是另一棵树。
the main, central part of a tree is called the trunk.
树的主要中央部分称为树干。
the pieces that grow out from the trunk are called branches.
从树干上长出来的东西称为树枝。
this here is a branch.
这是一根树枝。
on this tree, you can really see a lot of the roots.
你可以在这棵树上看到很多根。
normally roots are underground, but here a lot of them are above ground.
通常根在地下，但这里的很多根都在地面上。
and there's the bush turkey.
这是一只丛林火鸡。
this bird over here is called an ibis.
这只鸟的名字叫朱鹮。
they eat basically anything they can find, so you often see them on school playgrounds after lunch.
他们基本上吃任何他们能找到的东西，所以你经常会在午餐后在学校操场上看到他们。
here we h**e another bird.
这是另一只鸟。
that there is a duck showing us its behind.
有一只鸭子向我们展示它的背影。
this is another pond. it's much bigger than the one we saw before, but we'd still call this a pond.
这是另一个池塘。 它比我们以前看到的要大得多，但我们仍然称它为池塘。
the plants on the pond are called lilies (water lilies) .
池塘里的植物被称为百合（睡莲）。
and there's our friend the duck.
这是我们的朋友鸭子。
i'm not sure if you can see it, but down there we h**e a turtle.
我不确定你是否能看到它，但下面有一只。
this bird here is building a nest.
这只鸟正在筑巢。
that little pile there, that's a type of nest.
那一小堆就像一个巢穴。
now these trees here are palm trees.
这些树是棕榈树。
here we h**e a few different types of palm trees.
这里有几种不同类型的棕榈树。
here we h**e some flowers.
这里有一些花。
this part of the flower is called the stem.
花的这一部分称为茎。
this is a stem.
这是一个茎。
these things here on the outside are petals.
外面的这些东西是花瓣。
this flower has lots of petals.
这朵花有很多花瓣。
the powdery stuff in the middle is called pollen. pollen.
中间的粉状物质称为花粉。
that's the stuff that causes lots of allergies.
这些东西会引起很多过敏。
this little thing here is called a bud.
这个小东西叫做芽。
so before a flower blooms (before it opens) it's a bud.
所以在花开之前（在它开放之前），它是一个花蕾。
so a bud is like a baby flower.
所以花蕾就像一个花宝宝。
these flowers are called daisies.
这些花被称为雏菊。
there are lots of different types of daisies, though.
然而，雏菊有许多不同品种。
as you can see, i'm on the grass here.
正如你所看到的，我在草地上。
i know that in some places in the world you're not supposed to walk on the grass in public gardens, but here it's allowed and sometimes they even h**e signs in places that say "please walk on the grass".
我知道在世界的某些地方，你不应该在公共花园的草地上行走，但在这里是允许的，有时他们甚至在某些地方有一个标语，上面写着“请在草地上行走”。
here we h**e a rose bush.
这里有一丛玫瑰。
there's only one rose on it at the moment, but there are lots of buds which means that it will probably be in full bloom very soon.
现在上面只有一朵玫瑰，但有很多花蕾，这意味着它可能很快就会开花。
if a plant is in full bloom, that means there are lots of flowers on it.
如果一株植物盛开，则意味着它上面有很多花。
now roses h**e something a little bit special… they h**e thorns.
玫瑰有一些特别之处......他们有刺。
there are other plants with thorns, but roses are well known for h**ing thorns.
其他植物也有刺，但玫瑰以有刺而闻名。
thorns are the little sharp things that grow from the stems.
荆棘是从茎上长出来的小而锋利的东西。
these little plants here are called weeds.
这些小植物被称为杂草。
weeds are plants that are generally undesirable and grow very quickly.
杂草通常是生长迅速的不良植物。
there aren't a lot of weeds in the botanic gardens because there are gardeners here.
植物园里没有很多杂草，因为有园丁。
in other words, there are people who are paid to take care of the gardens and get rid of the weeds.
换句话说，有人拿钱来照顾花园和清除杂草。
and by the way, weed is a slang term for marijuana as well.
顺便说一句，杂草也是“**”的俚语。
thanks very much for watching, everyone.
非常感谢您的收看。
i hope you found this educational.
我希望你觉得这个**很有教育意义。
if you liked the video please hit the thumbs up, don't forget to subscribe if you don't want to miss any new videos, and remember that you can also sign up for my free email lessons if you want.
如果你喜欢这个**，请点赞，如果你不想错过任何新的**，别忘了订阅，如果你愿意，你也可以报名参加我的免费电子邮件课程。
take care, everyone. i'll see you next time!
大家保重。 下次再见！