候补陪审员，在普通法中，是指“候补陪审员，后备陪审员”。
alternate juror：a juror selected as a substitute in case another juror must l e**e the jury panel.
在普通法中，陪审团制度是指由特定数量的有投票权的公民参与决定嫌疑人是否被起诉或有罪的制度。 美国法律规定，每个成年美国公民都有义务担任陪审团成员。 但是，未满 18 岁、不居住在该国、不会说英语、听力障碍和有犯罪记录的人没有资格担任陪审员。
候补陪审员是指当其中一名陪审员必须离开法庭时，被选为陪审员代替陪审员的陪审员。 每当陪审员因任何原因离开时，上面都会有一名候补陪审员。
参考双语例句：
the taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.
泰勒的裁决还宣布陪审团选择中的性别歧视违宪，并要求各州在选择男性和女性陪审员时遵循相同的程序。
if a party does not cause the removal by challenge of an individual juror who is deaf, hearing impaired, blind, visually impaired, or speech impaired and who requires auxiliary services to facilitate communication, the party shall (1) stipulate to the presence of a service provider in the jury room during jury deliberations, and (2) prepare and deliver to the court proposed jury instructions to the service provider.
如果诉讼的一方没有为解雇聋哑、听障、盲人、视障或有言语障碍的陪审员提出反反对意见，而陪审员需要辅助服务以促进沟通，则申索（1）规定，在陪审团审议过程中，陪审团将有一名服务提供者，以及（2）向服务提供者提供建议的陪审团指示并送上法庭。
if any person is summoned as a juror who is not qualified or liable to serve as a juror, or is exempt from service, such want of qualification or exemption shall be a good cause of challenge and the person so summoned shall be discharged on such challenge or on his own application, if the court is satisfied of the fact and so directs; but no such want of qualification or exemption, if not submitted to the court before such person is sworn, shall afterwards be accepted as a ground for impeaching any verdict given by the jury on which such person has served.
如任何被传召出任陪审员的人没有资格或法律责任担任陪审员，或获豁免担任陪审员，上述缺乏资格或豁免，有正当理由不担任陪审员; 如法庭信纳事实并指示有关事宜，被传召出任陪审员的人如有异议或自行申请，应被解除出陪审员职务; 但是，如果在被传唤人宣誓之前未向审裁处提出任何缺乏资格或豁免的资格或豁免，则其后不得给予。
if auxiliary services are required during the course of jury deliberations, the court shall instruct the jury and the service provider that the service provider for the juror with a disability is not to participate in the jury's deliberations in any manner except to facilitate communication between the juror with a disability and other jurors.
如果陪审团在审议过程中需要辅助服务，法院会向陪审团和服务提供者发出以下指示：向在任何方面无能力的陪审员提供服务的人，陪审团不得以任何方式被考虑，除非是不称职的陪审员。