当地时间11月29日，美国前国务卿亨利·基辛格（Henry Kissinger）逝世，享年100岁。
小作业：1. how was kissinger's approach to diplomacy often characterized?
a) as idealistic and focused on global unity.
b) as ultrarealist, sometimes at the expense of democratic values.
c) as strictly non-interventionist.
d) as predominantly focused on economic diplomacy.
2. how did kissinger's foreign policy views affect his actions toward smaller nations during the cold war?a) he focused on promoting democracy in these countries.
b) he prioritized economic aid over political intervention.
c) he advocated for their independence from great powers.
d) he often regarded them as pawns in the greater battle.
原文不带注释：
henry kissinger is dead at 100; shaped u.s. cold war history
from: the new york times
henry a. kissinger, the scholar-turned-diplomat who engineered the united states' opening to china, negotiated its exit from vietnam, and used cunning, ambition and intellect to remake american power relationships with the soviet union at the height of the cold war, sometimes trampling on democratic values to do so, died on wednesday, according to a statement that was posted to his official website. he was 100.
he died at his home in connecticut.
few diplomats h**e been both celebrated and reviled with such passion as mr. kissinger. considered the most powerful secretary of state in the post-world war ii era, he was by turns hailed as an ultrarealist who reshaped diplomacy to reflect american interests and denounced as h**ing abandoned american values, particularly in the arena of human rights, if he thought it served the nation's purposes.
he advised 12 presidents — more than a quarter of those who h**e held the office — from john f. kennedy to joseph r. biden jr. with a scholar's understanding of diplomatic history, a german-jewish refugee's drive to succeed in his adopted land, a deep well of insecurity and a lifelong b**arian accent that sometimes added an indecipherable element to his pronouncements, he transformed almost every global relationship he touched.
at a critical moment in american history and diplomacy, he was second in power only to president richard m. nixon. he joined the nixon white house in january 1969 as national security adviser and, after his appointment as secretary of state in 1973, kept both titles, a rarity. when nixon resigned, he stayed on under president gerald r. ford.
mr. kissinger's secret negotiations with what was then still called red china led to nixon's most famous foreign policy accomplishment. intended as a decisive cold war move to isolate the soviet union, it carved a pathway for the most complex relationship on the globe, between countries that at mr. kissinger's death were the world's largest (the united states) and second-largest economies, completely intertwined and yet constantly at odds as a new cold war loomed.
he drew the soviet union into a dialogue that became known as détente, leading to the first major nuclear arms control treaties between the two nations. with his shuttle diplomacy, he edged moscow out of its standing as a major power in the middle east, but failed to broker a broader peace in that region.
over years of meetings in paris, he negotiated the peace accords that ended the american involvement in the vietnam war, an achievement for which he shared the 1973 nobel peace prize. he called it “peace with honor,” but the war proved far from over, and critics argued that he could h**e made the same deal years earlier, s**ing thousands of lives.
within two years, north vietnam had overrun the american-backed south. it was a humiliating end to a conflict that from the beginning mr. kissinger had doubted the united states could ever win.
but by the time that interval was over, americans had given up on the vietnam project, no longer convinced that the united states' strategic interests were linked to that country's fate.
as was the case with vietnam, history has judged some of his cold war realism in a harsher light than it was generally portrayed at the time. with an eye fixed on great power rivalry, he was often willing to be crudely machi**ellian, especially when dealing with smaller nations that he often regarded as pawns in the greater battle.
注意：有关完整标题，请参阅本文开头; 中文版为《纽约时报》官方翻译，仅供参考。
带注释的全文：
henry kissinger is dead at 100; shaped u.s. cold war history
from: the new york times
henry a. kissinger, the scholar-turned-diplomat who engineered the united states' opening to china, negotiated its exit from vietnam, and used cunning, ambition and intellect to remake american power relationships with the soviet union at the height of the cold war, sometimes trampling on democratic values to do so, died on wednesday, according to a statement that was posted to his official website. he was 100.
根据其官方**发布的一份声明，亨利·基辛格于周三去世，享年100岁。 这位学者出身的外交官策划了美国对中国的开放，是美国从越南撤军的谈判代表，并在冷战高峰期以狡猾、野心和智慧重塑了美苏之间的权力关系，有时践踏民主价值观。
turned-
-turned-..字面意思也很好理解，xxx 转换为 xxx，turn 可以解释为“......做过一份工作，然后又做了完全不同的事情的人，例如，英语老师变成了 ..一个演员变成了政治家，一个家庭主妇变成了一个作家。
diplomat
diplomat /ˈdɪp.lə.M T的意思是“外交官”，翻译为“外交官是代表本国与另一个国家讨论事务的高级官员，通常担任大使馆成员。”
cunning
cunning /ˈkʌn.1）意思是“狡猾，狡猾”，在英语中被解释为“狡猾的人聪明地计划某事，以便他们得到他们想要的东西，特别是通过欺骗他人，或为特定目的而巧妙地制作的东西。“如：狡猾的计划伎俩;
2）它的意思是“有吸引力的，迷人的”，在英语中被解释为“漂亮和有吸引力”，例如狡猾的小孩子小狗小猫可爱的小狗小猫。
trample
trample /ˈtræm.P l 1）的意思是“踩到某物或某人，造成损害或伤害”。