涂层是表面制造过程的重要组成部分。 防锈、防腐、美观和改变材料本身的缺点是涂料质量的重要方面之一。 涂装设备是整个涂装过程的重要组成部分。 那么各涂装设备有哪些用途呢？
painting is an important part of surface manufacturing technology. rust prevention, corrosion resistance, aesthetics, and the modification of material usage drawbacks are important aspects of coating quality. and painting equipment is a crucial part of the entire painting process. so what are the uses of each painting equipment?
涂装生产线设备主要分为涂装前的表面预处理设备、涂装设备、涂膜干燥固化设备、机械化输送设备、无尘恒温恒湿送风设备等配套设备。
the painting equipment is mainly divided into surface pretreatment equipment before painting, painting equipment, coating drying and curing equipment, mechanized conveying equipment, dust-free constant temperature and humidity air supply equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
1、涂装前的表面预处理设备。
1. surface pretreatment equipment before painting
预处理的目的是去除涂装部位携带的异物，如氧化皮、锈斑、油脂等，提供适合涂层要求的良好基材，如磷化、氧化、钝化等，从而保证涂层具有良好的防腐性能和装饰性能。 前处理设备主要分为物理式和化学式。
the purpose of pre-treatment is to remove foreign objects such as oxide skin, rust spots, grease, etc. from the coated parts, and provide a good substrate suitable for painting requirements, such as phosphating, oxidation, and passivation, to ensure that the coating has good anti-corrosion and decorative properties. the pre-treatment equipment is mainly divided into physical and chemical formulas.
物理配方：去除附着在钢板表面的杂质，用稀释剂去除油脂等污垢。 如有硫酸盐或腐蚀性盐类，应用清水冲洗，用压缩空气干燥。 在钢板预处理线上，通过抛丸或喷砂除锈去除水垢、铁锈等杂质，然后用真空吸尘器或净化的压缩空气对钢材表面进行清洗。
physical formula: remove impurities attached to the surface of the steel plate, and use a diluent to remove grease and other dirt. if there are sulfates or corrosive salts, they should be washed with clean water and dried with compressed air. on the steel plate pretreatment assembly line, oxide scale, rust, and other impurities are removed by shot blasting or sandblasting, and then the surface of the steel is cleaned using a vacuum cleaner or purified compressed air.
化学式：浸渍、喷射、浸泡-喷涂、喷涂-喷涂。 主要由罐体、罐体液体加热系统、通风系统、罐体液体搅拌系统、磷化除渣系统、油水分离系统等组成。 其中磷化除渣和油水分离装置是关键系统，常用的方法有沉降法、旋风分离液分离法、斜板沉淀法、袋式过滤法、板框压滤机等。 油水分离主要包括：吸附法、超滤法、热油分离法和离心法。
chemical formula: immersion type, spray type, immersion spray combination type, spray immersion spray combination type. it mainly consists of tank body, tank liquid heating system, ventilation system, tank liquid mixing system, phosphating slag removal system, oil-water separation system, etc. among them, the phosphating slag removal and oil-water separation device are key systems, and commonly used methods for phosphating slag removal include sedimentation method, rotary liquid separation method, inclined plate sedimentation method, bag filtration method, plate and frame filter press, etc. the main methods for oil-water separation include adsorption, ultrafiltration, hot oil separation, and centrifugation.
2.涂装设备。
2 spray painting equipment
涂装的方法有很多种，包括刷涂、浸渍、空气喷涂、高压无气喷涂、静电喷涂、电泳涂装、涂装等。 理想的涂装环境应满足良好的采光，适宜的温度、湿度和清洁度，良好的通风和防火防爆的要求。
there are many methods for spray painting, including brushing, immersion painting, air spraying, high-pressure airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, electrophoretic spraying, spray painting, etc. the ideal spray painting environment should meet the requirements of good lighting, appropriate temperature, humidity, cleanliness, good ventilation, and fire and explosion prevention.
涂装设备的作用是将过喷的漆雾限制在一定区域内并过滤，使操作人员得到符合卫生条件和安全规范的工作环境。 此外，还应提供具有一定温度、湿度和清洁度的施工条件。
the function of spray painting equipment is to limit the sprayed paint mist to a certain area and filter it, so that the operator can obtain a working environment that meets hygiene conditions and safety standards. in addition, construction conditions with certain temperature, humidity, and cleanliness should also be provided.
常见的喷漆房分为：
common paint spraying rooms are divided into:
干式喷漆房---适用于小批量工件的喷漆
dry spray painting room - suitable for painting small batches of workpieces;
喷漆室---适用于小型工件的喷漆
spray painting room - suitable for painting small workpieces;
水幕喷漆房---适用于涂装介质工件
water curtain painting room - suitable for painting medium workpieces;
水旋喷室---适用于对装饰要求高的大型工件进行喷漆。
water spiral spray painting room - suitable for painting large workpieces with high decorative requirements.
3.喷漆室。 3 spray paint room
又称喷漆房，由以下零件和设备组成：
also known as spray painting room, it consists of the following parts and equipment:
1）腔室：作用是将过喷漆雾限制在一定范围内。
1) chamber: its function is to limit the spray paint mist within a certain range.
2）漆雾过滤装置：干式和湿式。干式通过挡板或滤纸过滤漆雾。 湿式通过混合空气和水将漆雾颗粒从空气中分离出来。
2) paint mist filtration device: divided into dry and wet types. dry filter the paint mist through a baffle or filter **wet separation is the process of separating paint mist particles from the air through a mixture of air and water.
3）供水系统：保证湿式喷漆房所需水的正常循环。
3) water supply system: ensure the normal circulation of water required for the wet spray painting room.
4）通风系统：由送风和排风组成，为设备提供具有一定温度、湿度和洁净度的空气，保证室内空气处于层流状态。
4) ventilation system: composed of air supply and exhaust, providing equipment with air with a certain temperature, humidity, and cleanliness, ensuring that indoor air is in a laminar flow state.
5）照明灯具：确保设备具有良好的照明。
5) lighting device: ensure that the equipment has good lighting.
6）浸漆设备：将工件浸入漆液中，利用漆液的附着力，在工件表面粘附一层漆。浸渍设备主要由罐体、残漆去除装置、搅拌装置、加热装置、通风装置和消防安全装置组成。
6) dipping equipment: immerse the workpiece in the paint solution and use the adhesion of the paint solution to adhere a layer of paint to the surface of the workpiece. the impregnation equipment mainly consists of a tank, a residual paint removal device, a stirring device, a heating device, a ventilation device, and a fire safety device.
7）静电喷涂设备：基于静电场对电荷的原理。一般由静电喷涂室、高压静电发生器、静电喷枪装置、供漆装置、安全装置等组成。
7) electrostatic spraying equipment: it is implemented based on the principle of the action of electrostatic field on charges. it generally consists of an electrostatic spray booth, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, an electrostatic spray gun device, a paint supply device, a safety device, etc.
8）电泳涂装设备：电泳涂装是在外界电场的作用下，通过电泳将分散在水中的离子涂料颗粒涂覆在工作表面上，形成保护涂层。电泳设备一般由罐体、搅拌循环系统、电极装置、涂料液温度调节装置、供漆装置、通风装置、供电装置和电泳后冲洗装置组成。
8) electrophoretic spray painting equipment: electrophoretic spray painting is a protective coating formed by applying ionized paint particles dispersed in water to the working surface through electrophoretic coating under the action of an external electric field. electrophoresis equipment generally consists of a tank, a stirring circulation system, an electrode device, a paint temperature regulation device, a coating supply device, a ventilation device, a power supply device, and a post electrophoresis washing device.
9）粉末静电喷涂设备：粉末喷涂经济性好，无环境污染，效率高，一次喷涂涂层厚度可达50μm以上。粉末静电喷涂设备主要包括粉末喷涂室、高压静电发生器、静电粉末喷涂枪、送粉器、粉末**装置等。
9) powder electrostatic spraying equipment: powder coating has good economy, no environmental pollution, high efficiency, and can achieve a coating thickness of 50 in one spraying μ above m. the powder electrostatic spraying equipment mainly includes a powder spraying room, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, an electrostatic powder spraying gun, a powder feeder, a powder recovery device, and other components.
4.干燥设备。
4 drying equipment
按加热方式分为---对流干燥、辐射干燥、对流辐射干燥按结构形式可分为直通式、桥式、字体式等---。
according to heating methods, it can be divided into convection drying, radiation drying, and convection+radiation drying; classified by structural form: through type, bridge type п font type, etc.
主要部件：箱体---使循环热空气不外溢，使室内温度保持在一定范围内;供暖系统---辐射加热和对流加热，确保室内空气温度控制在工艺要求范围内风幕系统---防止热空气逸出，提高热效率温控系统---装置，确保房间各部分温度满足工艺要求。
main components: chamber - prevents the circulating hot air from overflowing and maintains the indoor temperature within a certain range; heating system - equipped with radiation heating and convection heating, ensuring that the indoor air temperature is controlled within the required range of the process; wind curtain system - prevents hot air from overflowing and improves thermal efficiency; temperature control system - a device that ensures that the indoor temperature of each section meets the process requirements.
5、机械化输送设备。
5 mechanized conveying equipment
机械化输送设备主要分为空气输送和地面输送两大类。
mechanized conveying equipment is mainly divided into two categories: aerial conveying and ground conveying.
有普通架空输送机、双链架空输送机、轻型架空输送机、堆积式高架输送机、自走式提升输送机等。
air transportation includes ordinary suspension conveyor, double chain suspension conveyor, light suspension conveyor, stacking suspension conveyor, and self-propelled hoist conveyor.
地面输送包括地面反向堆积输送机、滑移输送机、罐链输送机和普通地面输送机。 机械化设备的作用是在整个涂装生产线中起到组织协调的作用。
ground conveyor includes ground reverse stacking conveyor, sled conveyor, tank chain conveyor, and ordinary ground conveyor. the role of mechanized equipment is to organize and coordinate throughout the entire painting production line.
6.电控系统。
6 electronic control system
用途：控制器分布在设备附近，便于检查和维护，控制器设备可集中展示，提高运行稳定性。
usage: the controller is installed near the equipment for easy maintenance and repair. the controller equipment can be centrally displayed to improve operational stability.
特点：设备可接入公司网络，或使用4G网**卡实现远程数据采集、智能生产监控，实现工业4级0。远程设备维护，监控设备监控系统的运行状态，通过物联网平台传输数据，从工控机收集和分析报告。
features: the device can be connected to the company network or use 4g network telephone cards to achieve remote data collection, intelligent production monitoring, and industry 4.0. remote equipment maintenance, monitoring the operation status of the equipment monitoring system, transmitting data through the internet of things platform, and collecting and analyzing reports on industrial computer data.